Skip to main content
Home Conceptual Academy
Understanding Our Natural Universe

Main navigation

  • PocketLab Links
    • Texas Proc 24
    • CA for High Schools
    • Conceptual Algebra
    • Contributions
  • Sign Up
Sign In >

Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Conceptual Physical Science

Conceptual Physical Science

Chapter 6: Thermal Energy

  • 6.1 Temperature
  • 6.2 Absolute Zero
  • 6.3 Heat
  • 6.4 Quantity of Heat
  • 6.5 The Laws of Thermodynamics
  • 6.6 Entropy
  • 6.7 Specific Heat Capacity
  • 6.8 Thermal Expansion
  • 6.9 Expansion of Water

Table of Videos

  • Chapter 1: Patterns of Motion
    • 1.1 Aristotle on Motion
    • 1.2 Galileo’s Concept of Inertia
    • 1.3 Mass--A Measure of Inertia
    • 1.4 Net Force
    • 1.5 The Equilibrium Rule
    • 1.6 Support Force
    • 1.7 The Force of Friction
    • 1.8 Speed and Velocity
    • 1.9 Acceleration
    • Math Corner: Sig Figs and Precision
  • Chapter 2: Newton's Laws of Motion
    • 2.1 Newton’s First Law of Motion
    • 2.2 Newton’s Second Law of Motion
    • 2.3 Forces and Interactions
    • 2.4 Newton’s Third Law of Motion
    • 2.5 Summary of Newton’s Three Laws
  • Chapter 3: Momentum and Energy
    • 3.1 Momentum and Impulse
    • 3.2 Impulse Changes Momentum
    • 3.3 Conservation of Momentum
    • 3.4 Energy and Work
    • 3.5 Work-Energy Theorem
    • 3.6 Conservation of Energy
    • 3.7 Power
    • 3.8 Machines
    • 3.9 Efficiency
    • 3.10 Sources of Energy
  • Chapter 4: Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites
    • 4.1 The Universal Law of Gravity
    • 4.2 Gravity and Distance: The Inverse-Square Law
    • 4.3 Weight and Weightlessness
    • 4.4 Universal Gravitation
    • 4.5 Projectile Motion
    • 4.6 Fast-Moving Projectiles—Satellites
    • 4.7 Circular Satellite Orbits
    • 4.8 Elliptical Orbits
    • 4.9 Escape Speed
  • Chapter 5: Fluid Mechanics
    • 5.1 Density
    • 5.2 Pressure
    • 5.3 Buoyancy in a Liquid
    • 5.4 Archimedes’ Principle
    • 5.5 Pressure in a Gas
    • 5.6 Atmospheric Pressure
    • 5.7 Pascal’s Principle
    • 5.8 Buoyancy in a Gas
    • 5.9 Bernoulli’s Principle
  • Chapter 6: Thermal Energy
    • 6.1 Temperature
    • 6.2 Absolute Zero
    • 6.3 Heat
    • 6.4 Quantity of Heat
    • 6.5 The Laws of Thermodynamics
    • 6.6 Entropy
    • 6.7 Specific Heat Capacity
    • 6.8 Thermal Expansion
    • 6.9 Expansion of Water
  • Chapter 7: Heat Transfer and Phase Change
    • 7.1 Conduction
    • 7.2 Convection
    • 7.3 Radiation
    • 7.4 Newton’s Law of Cooling
    • 7.5 Climate Change and the Greenhouse Effect
    • 7.6 Heat Transfer and Change of Phase
    • 7.7 Boiling
    • 7.8 Melting and Freezing
    • 7.9 Energy and Change of Phase
  • Chapter 8: Electricity
    • 8.1 Electric Force and Charge
    • 8.2 Coulomb’s Law
    • 8.3 Electric Field
    • 8.4 Electric Potential
    • 8.5 Voltage Sources
    • 8.6 Electric Current
    • 8.7 Electric Resistance
    • 8.8 Ohm’s Law
    • 8.9 Electric Circuits
    • 8.10 Electric Power
  • Chapter 9: Magnetism
    • 9.1 Magnetic Poles
    • 9.2 Magnetic Fields
    • 9.3 Magnetic Domains
    • 9.4 Electric Currents and Magnetic Fields
    • 9.5 Magnetic Forces on Moving Charges
    • 9.6 Electromagnetic Induction
    • 9.7 Generators and Alternating Current
    • 9.8 Power Production
    • 9.9 The Transformer—Boosting or Lowering Voltage
    • 9.10 Field Induction
  • Chapter 10: Waves and Sound
    • 10.1 Vibrations and Waves
    • 10.2 Wave Motion
    • 10.3 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves
    • 10.4 Sound Waves
    • 10.5 Reflection and Refraction of Sound
    • 10.6 Forced Vibrations and Resonance
    • 10.7 Interference
    • 10.8 Doppler Effect
    • 10.9 Bow Waves and the Sonic Boom
    • 10.10 Musical Sounds
  • Chapter 11: Light
    • 11.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum
    • 11.2 Transparent and Opaque Materials
    • 11.3 Reflection
    • 11.4 Refraction
    • 11.5 Color
    • 11.6 Dispersion
    • 11.7 Polarization
  • Chapter 12: Atoms and the Periodic Table
    • 12.1 Atoms Are Ancient and Empty
    • 12.2 The Elements
    • 12.3 Protons and Neutrons
    • 12.4 The Periodic Table
    • 12.5 Physical and Conceptual Models
    • 12.6 Identifying Atoms Using the Spectroscope
    • 12.7 The Quantum Hypothesis
    • 12.8 Electron Waves
    • 12.9 The Shell Model
  • Chapter 13: The Atomic Nucleus
    • 13.1 Radioactivity
    • 13.2 The Strong Nuclear Force
    • 13.3 Half-Life and Transmutation
    • 13.4 Radiometric Dating
    • 13.5 Nuclear Fission
    • 13.6 Mass-Energy Equivalence
    • 13.7 Nuclear Fusion
  • Chapter 14: Elements of Chemistry
    • 14.1 Chemistry: The Central Science
    • 14.2 The Submicroscopic World
    • 14.3 Physical and Chemical Properties
    • 14.4 Determining Physical and Chemical Changes
    • 14.5 Elements to Compounds
    • 14.6 Naming Compounds
    • 14.7 The Advent of Nanotechnology
  • Chapter 15: Bonds and Molecular Attractions
    • 15.1 Electron-Dot Structures
    • 15.2 The Formation of Ions
    • 15.3 Ionic Bonds
    • 15.4 Metallic Bonds
    • 15.5 Covalent Bonds
    • 15.6 Polar Covalent Bonds
    • 15.7 Molecular Polarity
    • 15.8 Molecular Attractions
  • Chapter 16: Mixtures
    • 16.1 Most Materials Are Mixtures
    • 16.2 The Chemist's Classification of Matter
    • 16.3 Solutions
    • 16.4 Solubility
    • 16.5 Soaps, Detergents, and Hard Water
    • 16.6 Purifying the Water We Drink
    • 16.7 Wastewater Treatment
  • Chapter 17: How Chemicals React
    • 17.1 Chemical Equations
    • 17.2 Counting Atoms and Molecules by Mass
    • 17.3 Reaction Rates
    • 17.4 Catalysts
    • 17.5 Energy and Chemical Reactions
    • 17.6 Chemical Reactions Are Driven by Entropy
  • Chapter 18: Acids/Bases and Redox
    • 18.1 Acids Donate Protons; Bases Accept Them
    • 18.2 Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
    • 18.3 Acidic, Basic, and Neutral Solutions
    • 18.4 Acidic Rain and Basic Oceans
    • 18.5 Losing and Gaining Electrons
    • 18.6 Harnessing the Energy of Flowing Electrons
    • 18.7 Electrolysis
    • 18.8 Corrosion and Combustion
  • Chapter 19: Organic Compounds
    • 19.1 Hydrocarbons
    • 19.2 Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
    • 19.3 Functional Groups
    • 19.4 Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
    • 19.5 Amines and Alkaloids
    • 19.6 Carbonyl Compounds
    • 19.7 Polymers
  • Chapter 20: Rocks and Minerals
    • 20.1 The Geosphere is Made Up of Rocks and Minerals
    • 20.2 Minerals
    • 20.3 Mineral Properties
    • 20.4 Classification of Rock-Forming Minerals
    • 20.5 The Formation of Minerals
    • 20.6 Rock Types
    • 20.7 Igneous Rocks
    • 20.8 Sedimentary Rocks
    • 20.9 Metamorphic Rocks
    • 20.10 The Rock Cycle
  • Chapter 21: Plate Tectonics
    • 21.1 Seismic Waves
    • 21.2 Earth’s Internal Layers
    • 21.3 Continental Drift—An Idea Before its Time
    • 21.4 Acceptance of Continental Drift
    • 21.5 The Theory of Plate Tectonics
    • 21.6 Continental Evidence for Plate Tectonics
    • 21.7 The Theory That Explains the Geosphere
  • Chapter 22: Shaping Earth's Surface
    • 22.1 The Hydrologic Cycle
    • 22.2 Groundwater
    • 22.3 The Work of Groundwater
    • 22.4 Surface Water and Drainage Systems
    • 22.5 The Work of Surface Water
    • 22.6 Glaciers and Glaciation
    • 22.7 The Work of Glaciers
    • 22.8 The Work of Air
  • Chapter 23: Geologic Time
    • 23.1 The Rock Record—Relative Dating
    • 23.2 Radiometric Dating
    • 23.3 Geologic Time
    • 23.4 Precambrian Time (4500 to 543 Million Years Ago)
    • 23.5 The Paleozoic Era (543 to 248 Million Years Ago)
    • 23.6 The Mesozoic Era (248 to 65 Million Years Ago)
    • 23.7 The Cenozoic Era (65 Million Years to the Present)
    • 23.8 Earth History in a Capsule
  • Chapter 24: The Oceans and Atmosphere
    • 24.1 Earth’s Atmosphere and Oceans
    • 24.2 Components of Earth’s Oceans
    • 24.3 Ocean Waves, Tides, and Shorelines
    • 24.4 Components of Earth’s Atmosphere
    • 24.5 Solar Energy
    • 24.6 Driving Forces of Air Motion
    • 24.7 Global Circulation Patterns
  • Chapter 25: Driving Forces of Weather
    • 25.1 Atmospheric Moisture
    • 25.2 Weather Variables
    • 25.3 Cloud Development
    • 25.4 Air Masses, Fronts, and Storms
    • 25.5 Violent Weather
    • 25.6 The Weather, Topic of Conversation
  • Chapter 26: The Solar System
    • 26.1 The Solar System and its Formation
    • 26.2 The Sun and Seasons
    • 26.3 The Inner Planets
    • 26.4 The Outer Planets
    • 26.5 Earth's Moon
    • 26.6 Failed Planet Formation
  • Chapter 27: Stars and Galaxies
    • 27.1 Observing the Night Sky
    • 27.2 The Brightness and Color of Stars
    • 27.3 The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
    • 27.4 The Life Cycles of Stars
    • 27.5 Black Holes
    • 27.6 Galaxies
  • Chapter 28: Space and Time
    • 28.1 Looking Back in Time
    • 28.2 Cosmic Inflation
    • 28.3 and 28.4 Relativity
    • 28.5 Dark Matter
    • 28.6 Dark Energy
    • 28.7 The Fate of the Universe
  • Review
    • Review 1
    • Review 2
    • Review 3
    • Review 4
    • Review 5

College Curriculum

  • All About This Site!!
  • Class Activities!!!
  • Hybrid Courses
  • Expensive Textbooks

College Prep

  • How To Study
  • Home Schools
  • High Schools

More Help

  • Instructor Support
  • Instructor FAQ
  • Student Testimonies
  • Quick Tour (60 seconds)

Contact Us

  • Student FAQ
  • Support & Requests

© 2025 Conceptual Academy, PBC

Legal

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Accessibility